Skill0.5: 一种面向分布外泛化的联合技能内化与利用智能体强化学习框架
阅读原文· arxiv.org针对大语言模型在技能利用中外部化与内部化的两难困境,本文提出了Skill0.5框架。该框架通过一个动态、难度感知的路由器,将任务分流至不同的掌握层级。对于通用技能,通过特权蒸馏进行内化,为处理困难任务构建认知基础;对于任务特定技能,则在简单任务上通过诊断探测来强制利用,以避免捷径学习。在ALFWorld和WebShop基准测试中,Skill0.5在分布内和分布外场景下均优于现有的基于记忆和基于技能的强化学习基线方法。
Equipping large language models with explicit skills has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling autonomous agents to solve complex tasks. Agent skills can be inherently divided into general skills for broad cognitive transfer and task-specific skills for dynamic execution. However, existing skill-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods typically force a rigid choice between full externalization, which incurs prohibitive context overhead, and full internalization, which risks overfitting and knowledge conflicts. To address this dilemma, we propose Skill0.5, a novel agentic RL framework that explicitly differentiates skill treatments by combining general skill internalization with task-specific skill utilization. Driven by a dynamic, difficulty-aware router, Skill0.5 streams tasks into distinct mastery tiers to apply tailored optimization strategies: it internalizes general skills via privileged distillation to build a cognitive foundation for hard tasks, while using diagnostic probing on easy tasks to penalize shortcuts and enforce specific skill utilization. Experiments on ALFWorld and WebShop demonstrate that Skill0.5 outperforms both memory-based and skill-based RL baselines, yielding performance improvements across both in-distribution and out-of-distribution scenarios.