PRISM诊断揭示余弦误导:辅助损失重塑VLM而非潜变量
阅读原文· arxiv.org对五种LVR变体的测试发现,余弦对齐度与准确率呈强负相关(r=-0.94)。研究提出诊断工具PRISM(线性探针+破坏性测试)发现:有监督潜token大部分被绕过,破坏后准确率变化最多4%;答案在潜token下游可解码、在潜token处不可解码,解码能力差距可预测各变体对潜变量的依赖。辅助目标通过共享参数重塑语言模型,而非通过名义上优化的潜变量。
Latent visual reasoning (LVR) inserts supervised latent tokens between perception and answer generation in vision-language models (VLMs). The field uses alignment between these latents and their visual targets, i.e., cosine similarity or mean squared error (MSE), as both the training loss and the quality metric, assuming that better alignment yields a better answer. We test this with a designed matrix of five LVR variants and find the assumption inverted: cosine alignment is negatively correlated with accuracy across all five (r=-0.94). To explain this, we introduce PRISM, a pair of inference-time diagnostics: a linear probe that asks where the answer is decodable, and a corruption test that asks whether the latent is load-bearing. The supervised latents are largely bypassed. Corrupting them shifts accuracy by at most four points. The answer is decodable downstream of the latent but not at it, and the size of this decodability gap predicts how much each variant relies on its latent under perturbation. Consistent with an Information Bottleneck reading of the loss, the auxiliary objective reshapes the language model via shared parameters rather than via the latent variable it nominally optimizes.