Whisper幻觉检测与缓解:基于隐表示引导和稀疏自编码器
阅读原文· arxiv.org针对Whisper ASR模型在非语音音频上生成连贯转录(幻觉)的问题,研究提取音频编码器激活,评估原始Whisper激活和Sparse AutoEncoder(SAE)隐变量两个表示空间。两者均编码线性可分的幻觉相关信息,判别力集中在稀疏特征子集并向深层编码器递增。提出的SAE隐变量空间引导策略,在完整非语音测试集上将Whisper small幻觉率从72.63%降至14.11%,Whisper large-v3从86.88%降至27.33%,语音数据上WER退化很小,性能接近基于微调的方法。
Whisper, a widely adopted ASR model, is known to suffer from hallucinations - coherent transcriptions generated for non-speech audio entirely disconnected from the input. We investigate whether hallucinations can be detected and mitigated through Whisper's internal representations. We extract audio encoder activations and evaluate two representation spaces: raw Whisper activations and Sparse AutoEncoder (SAE) latents. We show that both spaces encode linearly separable hallucination-related information, with discriminative power concentrated in a sparse feature subset and increasing toward deeper encoder layers. We propose two steering strategies: activation-space steering and SAE latent-space steering. SAE-based steering reduces hallucination rate from 72.63% to 14.11% for Whisper small and from 86.88% to 27.33% for Whisper large-v3 on the full non-speech test set, with small WER degradation on speech data, approaching the performance of fine-tuning-based methods.