ART:基于艺术强化训练的多模态大语言模型微调方法
阅读原文· arxiv.orgART(Art-based Reinforcement Training)是一种参数高效微调方法,通过仅优化冻结多模态大语言模型的原始视觉输入(像素阵列)来注入信息,无需修改预编译计算图,从而可在 vLLM 等高性能推理引擎上以软提示方式运行。ART 支持任意微调目标,优化后的视觉输入可被风格化为计算艺术作品。在开源 Qwen 架构的不同规模模型上,ART 在数学和结构化工具使用基准测试中达到了与 LoRA 相当的准确率。
There are two main Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) techniques for Large Language Models (LLMs). While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) introduces additional weights between the LLM layers, Soft Prompting introduces additional fine-tuning-specific raw tokens to an LLM input. However, both require modification to the computational graphs of precompiled, preoptimized LLMs. As a result, neither is fully supported in high-throughput engines like vLLM. We propose fine-tuning with ART (Art-based Reinforcement Training). The method injects information into a frozen Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) by optimizing only its raw visual input, thus enabling the soft-token approach on pre-compiled computational graphs. It relies on backpropagation of gradients back into a plain pixel array and thus supports any fine-tuning objective. Moreover, the optimized visual input can be stylized as task-relevant computational artworks. The approach's effectiveness is confirmed for different sizes of a popular open Qwen architecture and for several textual benchmarks. Specifically, ART reaches accuracy competitive with LoRA across mathematics and structured-tool-use benchmarks.