# WaveDiT：分布感知小波流匹配实现高效3D脑MRI合成

- 来源：HuggingFace Daily Papers（社区热门论文）
- 发布时间：2026-06-07 08:00
- AIHOT 分数：47
- AIHOT 链接：https://aihot.virxact.com/items/cmqexmgef00yoslwa3mzoycnc
- 原文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.08670

## AI 摘要

WaveDiT是一种在3D Haar小波系数空间中的条件流匹配框架，结合分解时空注意力与基于高阶小波统计的带异方差不确定性建模。预测对数方差融入流目标和条件路径，适应解剖细节的输入相关方差结构。该方法在单个GPU上实现全分辨率3D合成。多中心评估显示，相比扩散、潜在和小波基线，生成与真实MRI分布对齐更优，下游脑年龄预测和区域解剖一致性均有提升。代码已开源。

## 正文

Large and demographically balanced datasets are essential for reliable neuroimaging biomarkers. Full-resolution 3D brain MRI synthesis can support data augmentation in this setting, but existing approaches either incur prohibitive computational cost at volumetric scale or rely on lossy latent compression that may compromise anatomical detail. As a result, practical 3D generative augmentation often requires specialized compute infrastructure. We propose WaveDiT, a conditional flow matching framework operating in the coefficient space of a 3D Haar Discrete Wavelet Transform. The model combines factorized spatio-depth attention with band-wise heteroscedastic uncertainty modeling derived from higher-order wavelet statistics. Predicted log-variance is integrated directly into both the flow objective and conditioning pathway, enabling adaptive precision consistent with the heavy-tailed and input-dependent variance structure of anatomical detail. This formulation supports full-resolution 3D synthesis under practical memory and time constraints on a single modern GPU. Evaluation on a multi-site cohort demonstrates improved alignment between generated and real MRI distributions, together with enhanced downstream brain age prediction and region-level anatomical agreement relative to diffusion, latent, and wavelet-based baselines. Code is available at https://github.com/sisinflab/WaveDiT