欧盟表示，谷歌必须让竞争对手的搜索引擎和AI智能体能够以同等权限访问安卓系统及部分搜索数据，以遵守《数字市场法案》。
欧盟表示，谷歌必须让竞争对手的搜索引擎和AI智能体能够以同等权限访问安卓系统及部分搜索数据，以遵守《数字市场法案》。
欧盟《数字市场法案》如何改变科技巨头格局：所有新闻与动态更新
在欧洲联盟责令谷歌遵守该地区数字反垄断法规后，谷歌必须让竞争对手的AI智能体和搜索引擎能够更广泛地访问安卓系统及谷歌搜索的关键部分。
这两项于周四公布的决定，可能会削弱谷歌对科技行业两大最重要平台的控制权，并对该公司产生深远影响，塑造其AI工具Gemini的未来，同时为竞争对手创造新的追赶机遇。谷歌须在2027年1月前开始共享搜索数据，并在2027年7月前完成对安卓系统的整改。
这些裁决源于欧盟《数字市场法案》下的技术监管程序。该法案要求被指定为"守门人"的主导平台，向竞争对手提供与自身同等的系统和数据访问权限。与罚款不同，该程序要求谷歌改变其运营方式，使其服务符合《数字市场法案》要求，并通过公司与监管机构之间的广泛协商来推进。如果谷歌不遵守规定，欧盟委员会可能对其处以最高达其全球年营业额10%的罚款，金额可能高达数百亿美元。
这两项程序分别聚焦于谷歌业务中独立但主题相似的领域：竞争对手的AI智能体如何在安卓系统上运行，以及竞争性搜索引擎和其他AI聊天机器人如何访问谷歌搜索生成的数据。
安卓系统的裁决规定，谷歌必须向竞争对手的 AI 智能体提供与其自家 Gemini 相同的系统功能权限和数据访问权限。具体而言，这要求实现更高的互操作性，让用户——而非谷歌——来决定竞争性工具能否访问其数据和设备硬件。这可能包括与应用程序交互的能力、响应“Hey Google”等语音指令的能力，以及更充分地利用手机硬件的能力。这意味着安卓用户最终可以选择 ChatGPT、Claude、Perplexity 或其他智能体作为深度集成的系统级智能体，而非 Gemini，并且这些智能体对设备功能的访问权限将与 Gemini 相当。
第二项程序聚焦于谷歌搜索及其产生的数据，规定了竞争性搜索引擎和 AI 服务如何能够获取谷歌历来掌握的信息。值得注意的是，欧盟指出，这包括 AI 聊天机器人，它们在特定情况下实际上发挥着搜索引擎的功能。这项数据共享措施大致呼应了美国搜索反垄断案中下达的补救措施，在该案中，谷歌被要求与竞争对手共享有价值的搜索信息，以帮助提升它们的竞争能力。
谷歌对这两项措施均提出了反对，认为这些要求对用户隐私和安全构成了不可接受的风险，并损害了其产品。欧盟表示，将对搜索数据的使用方式设定限制，并且谷歌将有权审查哪些服务可以获得对安卓系统的更深层访问权限，以确保安全性和保障性不受损害。
今天的裁决也可能表明布鲁塞尔将如何处理涉及其他科技巨头的类似问题。这包括苹果公司，该公司已拒绝在欧洲推出 Siri AI，并明确将原因归咎于《数字市场法案》（DMA），声称其互操作性要求会损害用户安全。
“通过今天的措施，我们希望支持欧盟的创新和多样性，在安卓设备AI助手和搜索引擎市场实现公平竞争，”欧盟委员会负责技术主权、安全与民主的执行副主席Henna Virkkunen表示。“得益于这些措施，我们有望看到Google搜索及Google AI服务（如Gemini）的替代方案涌现，让欧盟用户能够享受更丰富的服务选择。所有开发者，无论规模大小，都欢迎探索这些新机遇，这无疑也将惠及用户。”
在决定公布后发布的一篇博客文章中，Google全球事务总裁Kent Walker表示：“今天的决定有可能损害数百万欧洲人至关重要的隐私和安全保障。我们已多次提出既能保障用户安全又能满足《数字市场法案》目标的解决方案，但这些裁决忽视了大量关于用户受到伤害的证据。”
更多内容：欧盟《数字市场法案》如何改变大型科技公司：所有新闻与动态
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The EU says Google must let rival search engines and AI assistants have comparable access to Android and some Search data to comply with the DMA.
The EU says Google must let rival search engines and AI assistants have comparable access to Android and some Search data to comply with the DMA.
How the EU’s DMA is changing Big Tech: all of the news and updates
Google must give rival AI assistants and search engines greater access to key parts of Android and Google Search after the European Union ordered the company to comply with the bloc’s digital antitrust rules.
The two decisions, handed down Thursday, could weaken Google’s control over two of the tech industry’s most important platforms and have far-reaching consequences for the company, shape the future of its AI tool Gemini, and open up new opportunities for rivals to gain ground. Google has until January 2027 to begin sharing search data and July 2027 to implement changes to Android.
The rulings stem from technical regulatory proceedings under the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA), which requires dominant platforms — designated “gatekeepers” — to give competitors comparable access to systems and data as they themselves enjoy. Unlike a financial penalty, the procedures require Google to change how it operates in order to bring its services in line with the DMA and are developed through extensive engagement between the company and regulators. If Google does not comply, the European Commission could impose fines of up to 10 percent of its annual worldwide turnover, potentially tens of billions of dollars.
The two proceedings focus on separate but thematically similar parts of Google’s business: How rival AI assistants can operate on Android, and how competing search engines and other AI chatbots can access data generated by Google Search.
The Android decision sets out how Google must give rival AI assistants the same kind of system features and data access as it gives Gemini. In practical terms, it requires greater interoperability, allowing users — rather than Google — to decide whether competing tools can access their data and device hardware. That could include the ability to interact with apps, respond to voice commands like “Hey Google,” and make fuller use of the phone’s hardware. That means Android users could eventually choose ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity, or other assistants as deeply integrated system assistants instead of Gemini, with comparable access to device capabilities.
The second proceeding focuses on Google Search and the data it generates, setting out how competing search engines and AI services can gain access to information historically kept by Google. Notably, the EU said this includes AI chatbots, which effectively function as search engines in some cases. The data-sharing measure broadly echoes remedies ordered in the US search antitrust case, where Google was instructed to share valuable search information with rivals that could help boost their ability to compete.
Google has pushed back against both of these measures, arguing the requirements pose an unacceptable risk to user privacy and security, as well as compromise its products. The EU said there will be limits on how search data can be used and that Google will be able to vet which services get deeper access to Android to ensure safety and security aren’t compromised.
Today’s rulings may also offer an indication into how Brussels will approach similar questions involving other tech giants. This includes Apple, which declined to release Siri AI in Europe, explicitly blaming the DMA and arguing its interoperability requirements compromise user safety.
“With today’s measures, we want to support innovation and diversity in the European Union, enabling fair competition in the markets of AI assistant for Android devices and search engines,” said European Commission executive vice president for tech sovereignty, security, and democracy Henna Virkkunen. “Thanks to these measures we hope to see emerging alternatives to Google Search and Google’s AI services, such as Gemini, and that users in the EU can enjoy greater choice of services. All developers, large and small, are welcome to explore these new opportunities, which will certainly benefit users too.”
In a blog post published after the decisions, Google’s president of global affairs Kent Walker said: “Today’s decisions risk undermining vital privacy and security guardrails for millions of Europeans. We have repeatedly offered solutions to safeguard users while satisfying the DMA’s goals, but these rulings discount extensive evidence of user harm.”
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