NPO presents an interim solution under the transition from pluggable to true CPO. NPO has certain benefits over CPO that bypass current production and reliability challenge of CPO, while maintaining most of the benefits CPO provide.

Pros:

🟠 Better serviceability (field replacable) 🟠 Lower blast radius (blast radius limited to the individual NPO module) 🟠 Easier assembly (Optical Engine are packaged separately from the Switch ASIC/XPU)

Let's look at how NPO differentiate from CPO architecturally. (1/3)🧵