MiniCPM-o 4.5:迈向实时全双工全模态交互
阅读原文· arxiv.org当前多模态大语言模型在交互范式上存在瓶颈,感知与响应分离且缺乏主动性。MiniCPM-o 4.5 通过 Omni-Flow 统一流式框架,将多模态输入输出对齐到共享时间轴,实现实时全双工全模态交互,支持同时感知与响应,并能基于对动态场景的连续理解主动发出提醒或评论。该模型参数量为 90 亿,在视觉语言能力上接近 Gemini 2.5 Flash,在全模态理解上超越 Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B,且语音生成更优、计算效率显著更高。得益于高效的架构设计和推理优化,模型可在内存小于 12GB 的边缘设备上实现实时全双工全模态交互。
Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has brought AI capabilities from static offline data processing to real-time streaming interaction, yet they still remain far from human-level multimodal interaction. The key bottlenecks are no longer modality coverage or latency alone, but the interaction paradigm itself. First, perception and response are still separated into alternating phases, preventing models from incorporating new inputs for timely adjustment during generation. Second, most current models remain reactive, responding only to explicit user requests instead of acting proactively in the evolving multimodal environment. We present MiniCPM-o 4.5, our latest effort towards human-like multimodal interaction, which mitigates these gaps by real-time full-duplex omni-modal interaction. It can see, listen, and speak simultaneously in real-time, while also exhibiting proactive behaviors such as issuing reminders or comments based on its continuous understanding of the live scene. The key technique behind MiniCPM-o 4.5 is Omni-Flow, a unified streaming framework that aligns omni-modal inputs and outputs along a shared temporal axis. This formulation converts conventional turn-based interaction into a full-duplex, time-aligned process, enabling simultaneous perception and response and allowing proactive behavior to arise within the same framework. With a total of 9B parameters, MiniCPM-o 4.5 approaches Gemini 2.5 Flash in vision-language capabilities, delivering state-of-the-art open-source performance at its scale. It also surpasses Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B in omni-modal understanding and delivers better speech generation, with significantly higher computation efficiency. Driven by its efficient architecture design and inference optimization, the model can perform real-time full-duplex omni-modal interaction on edge devices with less than 12GB RAM cost.