轨迹中的捉迷藏:发现VLA运行时监控的故障信号
阅读原文· arxiv.org为解决视觉-语言-动作(VLA)模型在机器人执行任务时易发生故障的问题,研究提出了Hide-and-Seek框架。该框架将故障检测视为弱监督学习问题,通过结合轨迹间与轨迹内的对比学习目标,仅利用轨迹级标注来定位故障动作并生成时序故障信号,无需步骤级标注。研究在LIBERO、VLABench和真实机器人平台上,对OpenVLA、π_0和π_{0.5}策略进行了评估。该方法在保形预测下取得了先进的多任务故障检测性能,并对已见和未见任务展现出良好的泛化能力。
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable robots to follow natural language instructions and generalize across diverse tasks, but they remain vulnerable to execution failures that compromise reliability in real-world deployment. Detecting such failures during execution is therefore critical for the robust deployment of embodied systems. Existing failure detection methods either rely on expensive action resampling or external models, while alternatives propagate trajectory-level labels uniformly across every timestep, obscuring localized failure signals. In this paper, we propose Hide-and-Seek, a framework that formulates VLA failure detection as a coarsely supervised learning problem. By combining inter-trajectory and intra-trajectory contrastive objectives, Hide-and-Seek localizes failure-indicative actions and induces temporally structured failure signals from trajectory-level supervision alone, without any step-level annotation. We evaluate Hide-and-Seek on LIBERO, VLABench, and a real-world robotic platform across three representative VLA policies: OpenVLA, π_0, and π_{0.5}.Our method achieves state-of-the-art multi-task failure detection performance with a practical accuracy--timeliness trade-off under conformal prediction, and generalizes well to both seen and unseen tasks.