AdaCodec:用于视频多模态大模型的预测性视觉编码
阅读原文· arxiv.orgAdaCodec是一种预测性视觉编码,仅在场景难以从先前上下文预测时向参考帧分配完整视觉token,否则将帧间变化(运动与预测残差)编码为紧凑的P-tokens。在全部11项基准测试中,AdaCodec在同等视觉token预算下优于Qwen3-VL-8B逐帧RGB基线。即便在1/7预算下,使用32k tokens的AdaCodec在所有长视频基准上超越了224k基线;在五项通用视频基准上平均得分提升,同时首token延迟从9.26秒降至1.62秒。
Video is temporally redundant: adjacent frames usually share most objects, background, and layout. Yet existing video multimodal large language models (video MLLMs) usually encode each sampled frame as an independent RGB image, causing visual tokens to repeat content already present in earlier frames. This suggests a more direct video interface: send a full reference frame only when the scene cannot be predicted well from prior context, and otherwise transmit a compact description of inter-frame changes. We call this interface a predictive visual code, and instantiate it for video MLLMs as AdaCodec. AdaCodec spends full visual tokens on a reference frame only when its conditional predictive cost is high; otherwise, it encodes inter-frame changes, including motion and prediction residuals, as compact P-tokens. Across all eleven benchmarks, AdaCodec improves over the Qwen3-VL-8B per-frame RGB baseline at a matched visual-token budget. Even at 1/7 the budget, AdaCodec with 32k tokens surpasses the 224k baseline on all long-video benchmarks; on five general-video benchmarks, it raises the average score while substantially cutting time-to-first-token from 9.26s to 1.62s.