Astra:借助世界模拟器实现智能体视觉空间推理
阅读原文· arxiv.org视觉-语言模型(VLM)在空间推理中受限于观测图像和文本链式推理。Astra框架将Astra-VL(基于强化学习的VLM策略)与Astra-WM(基于Bagel的世界模拟器)耦合,后者从上下文图像和自然语言相机运动生成新视角观测。Astra-WM通过视角一致性训练提升跨视角一致性。RL阶段采用包含世界模拟器的两阶段课程学习,训练模型仅在想象观测优于直接回答时调用模拟器。实验显示,Astra-WM使Gemini-3-Flash在MMSI-Bench上从45.1提升至49.5;Astra-VL将Qwen3-VL在MMSI-Bench上从29.8提升至38.8,在MindCube上从36.8提升至42.7。
While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong visual reasoning capabilities, their spatial reasoning abilities remain largely constrained to the observed images and text-oriented chain-of-thought. They often struggle to infer unobserved layouts, maintain cross-view consistency, and reason from alternative viewpoints when only limited egocentric observations are available. In this work, we study this problem as thinking with imagination, where a VLM actively acquires imagined visual evidence by interacting with a world simulator during reasoning. We propose Astra, an agentic spatial reasoning framework that empowers VLMs with action-conditioned visual imagination. Specifically, Astra couples Astra-VL, an RL-trained VLM policy, with Astra-WM, a Bagel-based world simulator that generates novel-view observations from context images and natural-language camera motions. To provide reliable imagined evidence, Astra-WM is trained with view consistency tuning to improve pose and content consistency across views. In the RL stage, we propose a world-simulator-in-the-loop two-phase RL curriculum to stabilize tool-use exploration and advance the model's ability to invoke the simulator only when imagined observations improve over direct answering. Experiments demonstrate that both the world simulator and the agentic policy are necessary: Astra-WM improves simulator-augmented Gemini-3-Flash on MMSI-Bench from 45.1 to 49.5, while Astra-VL improves the Qwen3-VL backbone from 29.8 to 38.8 on MMSI-Bench and from 36.8 to 42.7 on MindCube. These results show that imagined observations can provide useful spatial evidence, but effective world-model-augmented reasoning requires learning when, where, and how to imagine.