机器人需要在离开生产线后应对厨房、楼梯、工具、灰尘、人、犹豫、光线差、掉落物品等真实世界的混乱,这与汽车在高度工程化的道路系统上重复窄任务完全不同。引用 Elon Musk 称,Optimus 生产最初将极其缓慢,因为一切都是新的,不像造车。
Robotics is hard.
Every unit must behave reliably after it leaves the clean geometry of the production line.
Cars repeat a narrow task inside a heavily engineered road system, while humanoid robots are being asked to generalize across spaces that were designed for human bodies, human judgment, and human tolerance for failure.
A robot must survive contact with kitchens, stairs, tools, dust, people, hesitation, bad lighting, dropped objects, and all the small chaos that factories spend decades trying to remove.