恐怖分子如何利用人工智能？2025 年至 2026 年间，在尼日利亚东北部对 27 名前博科圣地成员进行的半结构化访谈，揭示了主要发生在 2024 年、由人工智能辅助的恐怖活动前所未有的细节。本报告发现，博科圣地的两个派系均使用前沿人工智能，包括 ChatGPT、Claude、Gemini、Grok、Meta AI 和 DeepSeek，来协助作战和日常运作。这种人工智能的使用通过专门的单位和内部培训实现了制度化。它已协助攻击规划、武器故障排除以及爆炸装置的设计，因为用户成功绕过了某些安全防护措施。这些知识通过跨国圣战网络传播，伊斯兰国特工提供了面对面的培训。受访者对人工智能表现出强烈的热情，在某些情况下，对大规模杀伤性武器也持开放态度，不过有记录的使用仍停留在常规层面。因此，恐怖分子对人工智能的采用比之前的分析所认识到的更为深入和系统化，使其成为一个当前且不断增长的现实，值得政策制定者、安全界和人工智能开发者关注。
How are terrorists using AI? Semi-structured interviews with 27 former Boko Haram members conducted in northeast Nigeria in 2025 and 2026 reveal unprecedented detail about AI-assisted terrorist activity primarily through 2024. This report finds that both factions of Boko Haram use frontier AI, including ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Grok, Meta AI, and DeepSeek, to assist in combat and day-to-day operations. This AI use is institutionalized through specialized units and internal training. It has aided in attack planning, weapons troubleshooting, and the design of explosive devices, as users have successfully circumvented some safeguards. This know-how was transferred through transnational jihadist networks, with Islamic State operatives delivering in-person training. Respondents expressed strong enthusiasm for AI and, in some cases, openness to mass-casualty weapons, though documented use remains conventional. Terrorist adoption of AI has thus advanced further and more systematically than prior analysis has recognized, making it a present and growing reality that warrants attention from policymakers, security communities, and AI developers.