我曾多年与创始人共事,如今则与研究人员合作。
尽管总有例外,但平均而言,这两类群体中最优秀的人之间的差异之大,令我惊讶(其中一些特质,比如极高的自我信念,我曾以为所有杰出人士都普遍具备)。
因此,我一直在思考他们之间的共同点,因为或许能从中领悟到,那些真正高效能人士普遍具备的素质。
这两个群体中最优秀的人,都会花大量时间思考某种形式的“汉明问题”——“你所在领域最重要的问题是什么,为什么你没有在研究它们?”总体而言,很少有人能充分反思这个问题,但最优秀的人思考得最多,并且拥有最佳的“问题品味”,这综合了独立思考、推演未来以及识别切入点的能力。(约翰·舒尔曼的这篇文章值得一读:http://joschu.net/blog/opinionated-guide-ml-research.html)。
他们既对眼前的下一个步骤有激光般的专注,又具备长远眼光。而大多数人只拥有其中一种。
他们极其坚韧,并且愿意付出艰苦努力。据我所知,没有一种高概率的方式能在不付出这些的情况下取得巨大成功,你应该对那些告诉你相反说法的人保持怀疑——除非你对自己的职业生涯现状感到满意(如果那些人自己曾付出过艰苦努力,则尤其要警惕)。
他们倾向于行动和尝试,并且能清醒、诚实地看待哪些方法有效、哪些无效(重要的是,这种诚实是双向的——令我惊讶的是,有多少人看到了有效的方法,却不去坚持执行)。
他们是富有创造力的点子生成者——很多点子可能很糟糕,但点子本身从不匮乏。
他们非常珍视自主权,并且难以忍受那些他们认为不合理的规则。他们绝非随波逐流之辈。
他们的动机往往比表面看起来更复杂——具体来说,他们常常深受纯粹好奇心的驱动。
I spent many years working with founders and now I work with researchers.
Although there are always individual exceptions, on average it’s surprising to me how different the best people in these groups are (including in some qualities that I had assumed were present in great people everywhere, like very high levels of self-belief).
So I’ve been thinking about the ways they’re the same, because maybe there is something to learn about qualities of really effective people in general.
The best people in both groups spend a lot of time reflecting on some version of the Hamming question—"what are the most important problems in your field, and why aren’t you working on them?” In general, no one reflects on this question enough, but the best people do it the most, and have the best ‘problem taste’, which is some combination of learning to think independently, reason about the future, and identify attack vectors. (This from John Schulman is worth reading: http://joschu.net/blog/opinionated-guide-ml-research.html).
They have a laser focus on the next step in front of them combined with long-term vision. Most people only have one or the other.
They are extremely persistent and willing to work hard. As far as I can tell, there is no high-probability way to be very successful without this, and you should be suspicious of people who tell you otherwise unless you’d be happy having their career (and be especially suspicious if they worked hard themselves).
They have a bias towards action and trying things, and they’re clear-eyed and honest about what is working and what isn’t (importantly, this goes both ways—I’m amazed by how many people will see something working and then not pursue it).
They are creative idea-generators—a lot of the ideas may be terrible, but there is never a shortage.
They really value autonomy and have a hard time with rules that they don’t think make sense. They are definitely not lemmings.
Their motivations are often more complex than they seem—specifically, they are frequently very driven by genuine curiosity.