StressDream:引导视频世界模型以实现稳健的策略评估与改进
阅读原文· arxiv.org本文提出StressDream方法,旨在引导基于扩散的视频世界模型(WM)的想象过程。该方法通过优化初始噪声,将模型的想象引向推理时指定的高影响且合理的场景。它采用两个互补目标:一个利用视觉语言模型的语义目标,另一个是防止噪声偏移的可行性目标。在自动驾驶和机器人操作领域的验证表明,StressDream能有效将想象引向指定的文本场景(如任务失败),从而通过识别那些合理未来包含不良结果的动作,实现稳健的策略评估与改进。
Video world models (WMs) have shown promise for policy evaluation and improvement by imagining realistic future observations conditioned on ego-robot actions. While WMs can model distributions over futures, policy evaluation and improvement typically rely on nominal imaginations, which can miss high-impact outcomes of robot actions unless prohibitively many samples are drawn. To enable robust policy evaluation and improvement over WM imaginations, we propose StressDream, which steers imaginations toward high-impact yet plausible outcomes specified at inference time by optimizing the initial noise of diffusion-based WMs. However, optimizing high-dimensional noise is challenging: the optimization must reason about nuanced, scene-dependent target events in generated videos while avoiding out-of-distribution (OOD) noise that yields implausible imaginations. We address this with two complementary objectives: a semantic objective with a Vision-Language Model that provides informative gradients by reasoning about the generated video, and a plausibility objective that prevents the optimized noise from drifting OOD. With state-of-the-art video world models for autonomous driving and robotic manipulation, we show that StressDream effectively steers imaginations toward high-impact yet plausible outcomes specified by text at inference time, such as task failures, enabling robust policy evaluation and improvement by identifying actions whose plausible futures include undesirable outcomes. Video results are available at https://junwon.me/StressDream/.